Why an Autism Diagnosis May be Missed

As Autism (ASD) exists on a spectrum, behavioural traits vary significantly.

Which types of traits are present, and the frequency of these traits is different for everyone. Level 1 Autism, is much more likely to be missed than people with level 2 or 3.  There are several reasons for this which I will outline below:

1. Level 1 Autism may show no overt signs or symptoms. Children or Adults may have no difficulty with speech, reading or writing and be of normal, and even high intelligence. It has been stated that children's symptoms are 'masked' by their level of function.  Milestones of development can still be reached and no educational or social issues seem evident. During adolescence, although they may start to notice they feel different to others, young people may continue to mask or 'camouflage' their noted differences. They alter their behaviour to 'fit-in' with their peer group.

2. Trained specialists required for Diagnosis. General GP's and even Psychologists may not recognise mild signs. Specially trained Psychologists familiar with DSM5 guidelines and neurodivergence are usually required.

3. Misdiagnosis with other conditions. If certain symptoms do occur, these symptoms may be mistaken for other conditions. For example: Anxiety disorders, Depression, ADHD, OCD.

4. Changes in the way Autism is now described. Autism research and diagnostic guidelines have improved in the last two decades. An adult now age 30, may have gone unnoticed before this time.

5.  Females have been shown to demonstrate better success, than men, in coping with their differences, both socially and communicatively. Diagnosis can me missed, due to more effectivie coping strategies.

6. Culture, race and poverty may play a role. Access to medical support could be limitied in certain groups, making rates of undiagnosed children and aldults higher. Barriers in language can also lower rates of diagnosis.